What should I do if my dog’s milk doesn’t come in?

If your dog’s milk doesn’t come in after giving birth, it is important to act quickly to ensure the health and survival of both the mother and her puppies. This condition, known as agalactia, can occur for various reasons, including hormonal imbalances, stress, poor nutrition, or underlying health issues. Below is a detailed guide on what to do, including practical steps, potential risks, and when to seek professional help.

1. Assess the situation: First, observe the mother dog and her puppies. If the puppies are not nursing or seem weak, restless, or constantly crying, this could indicate a lack of milk. Check the mother’s mammary glands for signs of swelling, redness, or discharge, which could suggest an infection or blockage.

2. Consult a veterinarian immediately: Agalactia can be life-threatening for newborn puppies, as they rely entirely on their mother’s milk for nutrition and immunity in the first few weeks of life. A veterinarian can diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment. They may perform blood tests, ultrasounds, or physical exams to rule out infections, hormonal imbalances, or other medical conditions.

3. Provide supplemental feeding: If the mother’s milk is insufficient or absent, you will need to feed the puppies with a milk replacement formula specifically designed for dogs. These formulas are available at pet stores or through your veterinarian. Avoid using cow’s milk, as it can cause digestive issues in puppies. Use a small bottle or syringe to feed the puppies every 2-3 hours, including overnight, as newborns require frequent feeding.

4. Stimulate milk production: In some cases, the mother’s milk production can be encouraged. Ensure the mother is well-nourished with a high-quality, calorie-dense diet formulated for nursing dogs. Provide plenty of fresh water, as dehydration can hinder milk production. Gentle massage of the mammary glands and allowing the puppies to nurse frequently can also stimulate milk flow. However, avoid overstimulation, as this can cause discomfort or injury.

5. Monitor the mother’s health: The mother dog’s well-being is crucial for her ability to care for her puppies. Watch for signs of illness, such as lethargy, fever, or loss of appetite, which could indicate an infection or other health problem. Keep her environment calm and stress-free, as stress can negatively impact milk production.

6. Be aware of potential risks: Puppies that do not receive adequate nutrition in their first few days of life are at risk of hypoglycemia, dehydration, and weakened immunity, making them susceptible to infections. The mother dog may also develop mastitis, a painful inflammation of the mammary glands, if milk is not expressed properly.

7. Long-term care and prevention: If the mother’s milk production does not improve, you may need to continue bottle-feeding the puppies until they are old enough to transition to solid food, typically around 3-4 weeks of age. To prevent future issues, ensure the mother is in optimal health before breeding, with regular veterinary check-ups and a balanced diet. Avoid breeding dogs with a history of reproductive problems.

8. When to seek professional help: If the puppies show signs of distress, such as excessive crying, lethargy, or failure to gain weight, or if the mother dog appears unwell, seek veterinary assistance immediately. Early intervention can prevent serious complications and improve outcomes for both the mother and her puppies.

In summary, if your dog’s milk doesn’t come in, act quickly by consulting a veterinarian, providing supplemental feeding for the puppies, and supporting the mother’s health. Monitor both the mother and puppies closely, and be prepared to seek professional help if necessary. With proper care and attention, you can help ensure the well-being of the entire litter.