What happens if an adopted dog is not compatible with your family’s allergies?

Adopting a dog is a wonderful decision, but it can become challenging if a family member has allergies to dogs. Dog allergies are typically caused by proteins found in a dog’s dander (dead skin cells), saliva, and urine. These allergens can trigger symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, skin rashes, or even asthma in sensitive individuals. If an adopted dog is not compatible with your family’s allergies, it can lead to discomfort, health issues, and emotional stress for both the family and the dog. Here’s a detailed explanation of what to do in such a situation, along with practical advice and long-term considerations.

1. Understanding Dog Allergies
Dog allergies are caused by an immune system reaction to specific proteins. Contrary to popular belief, no dog breed is completely hypoallergenic, but some breeds produce fewer allergens than others. For example, breeds with non-shedding coats, like Poodles or Bichon Frises, may be less likely to trigger allergies. However, individual reactions vary, and even low-allergen dogs can cause symptoms in highly sensitive individuals.

2. Assessing the Severity of Allergies
If a family member experiences mild allergy symptoms, it may be possible to manage the situation with environmental adjustments and medical treatments. However, severe allergies, such as difficulty breathing or chronic asthma, may make it unsafe to keep the dog. It’s important to consult an allergist to determine the severity of the reaction and explore treatment options.

3. Practical Steps to Reduce Allergens
If the allergies are mild to moderate, you can take steps to minimize allergen exposure:
a. Create an allergen-free zone, such as the allergic person’s bedroom, where the dog is not allowed.
b. Use high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters in your home to reduce airborne allergens.
c. Bathe the dog regularly with hypoallergenic shampoo to reduce dander and saliva on their coat.
d. Wash bedding, curtains, and other fabrics frequently to remove allergens.
e. Vacuum carpets and upholstery regularly using a vacuum with a HEPA filter.
f. Encourage the allergic person to wash their hands after touching the dog and avoid touching their face.

4. Medical Treatments for Allergies
Over-the-counter antihistamines, nasal sprays, and eye drops can help manage mild allergy symptoms. For more severe cases, an allergist may recommend immunotherapy (allergy shots) to desensitize the immune system over time. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any treatment.

5. Considering Rehoming the Dog
If allergies are severe and cannot be managed, rehoming the dog may be the most responsible option. This decision should be made with care and compassion, ensuring the dog is placed in a loving and suitable home. Contact the adoption agency or shelter where you adopted the dog, as they may assist in finding a new home. Alternatively, work with a reputable rescue organization to ensure the dog’s well-being.

6. Emotional Impact and Family Dynamics
Rehoming a dog can be emotionally difficult for the family, especially children. It’s important to explain the situation honestly and involve everyone in the decision-making process. Emphasize that the goal is to ensure both the family’s health and the dog’s happiness.

7. Preventing Future Issues
If allergies are a concern, consider fostering a dog before adopting to test compatibility. Alternatively, research hypoallergenic breeds or consult with an allergist to identify breeds that may be less likely to trigger symptoms.

8. When to Seek Professional Help
If allergy symptoms persist despite environmental and medical interventions, or if they worsen over time, consult an allergist for further evaluation. Additionally, if rehoming the dog becomes necessary, seek guidance from a veterinarian or animal behaviorist to ensure the transition is as smooth as possible for the dog.

In conclusion, while dog allergies can pose challenges, there are steps you can take to manage the situation. If allergies are severe and unmanageable, rehoming the dog may be the best option for both the family and the dog. Always prioritize health and well-being while making decisions, and seek professional advice when needed.