What should you do if your dog is having a seizure?

If your dog is having a seizure, it is important to remain calm and take immediate steps to ensure their safety. Seizures in dogs can be frightening to witness, but understanding how to respond can help you manage the situation effectively and reduce the risk of harm to your pet.

1. Stay calm and assess the situation. The first thing to do is to remain composed. Dogs can sense your emotions, and staying calm will help prevent additional stress for your pet. Observe the seizure carefully, noting its duration, intensity, and any specific behaviors your dog exhibits. This information will be valuable for your veterinarian.

2. Ensure your dog’s safety. Move any objects or furniture that could injure your dog during the seizure. If your dog is on a high surface, such as a bed or couch, gently lower them to the floor to prevent falls. Do not attempt to restrain your dog or put your hands near their mouth, as they may unintentionally bite during the seizure. Contrary to a common myth, dogs cannot swallow their tongues during a seizure, so there is no need to intervene in this way.

3. Time the seizure. Use a clock or timer to track how long the seizure lasts. Most seizures last between 30 seconds and two minutes. If the seizure lasts longer than five minutes, or if your dog has multiple seizures in a short period (a condition known as cluster seizures), this is a medical emergency, and you should seek veterinary care immediately.

4. Keep your dog cool. Seizures can cause a dog’s body temperature to rise, especially if the seizure is prolonged. Place a cool, damp towel near your dog (not directly on them) to help regulate their temperature. Avoid using ice or very cold water, as this can cause shock.

5. Monitor your dog post-seizure. After the seizure ends, your dog may experience a period of disorientation, confusion, or exhaustion, known as the post-ictal phase. This can last from a few minutes to several hours. Provide a quiet, comfortable space for your dog to recover. Offer water if they are alert and able to drink, but avoid feeding them until they are fully recovered.

6. Contact your veterinarian. Even if the seizure is brief and your dog seems to recover quickly, it is important to inform your veterinarian. Seizures can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions, including epilepsy, toxins, metabolic disorders, brain tumors, or infections. Your vet may recommend diagnostic tests, such as blood work, imaging, or a neurological exam, to determine the cause and develop a treatment plan.

7. Be aware of potential triggers. If your dog has a history of seizures, try to identify and avoid potential triggers. Common triggers include stress, exposure to toxins (such as certain plants, chemicals, or medications), low blood sugar, or overheating. Keeping a seizure diary can help you track patterns and identify possible causes.

8. Long-term management. If your dog is diagnosed with epilepsy or another chronic condition, your veterinarian may prescribe anticonvulsant medications to help manage seizures. Follow your vet’s instructions carefully, and never adjust or stop medication without consulting them. Regular check-ups and monitoring are essential to ensure your dog’s treatment plan remains effective.

9. When to seek emergency care. Seek immediate veterinary attention if your dog experiences a seizure lasting more than five minutes, has multiple seizures in a short period, or does not fully recover between seizures. These situations can be life-threatening and require urgent intervention.

10. Prevention and care. While not all seizures can be prevented, maintaining your dog’s overall health can reduce the risk. Provide a balanced diet, regular exercise, and routine veterinary care. Avoid exposing your dog to known toxins or stressful situations. If your dog has a seizure disorder, work closely with your vet to manage their condition and improve their quality of life.

In summary, responding to a dog’s seizure involves ensuring their safety, monitoring the event, and seeking veterinary care as needed. By staying informed and prepared, you can provide the best possible care for your dog during and after a seizure.