How do you handle a dog with a suspected broken shoulder?

Handling a dog with a suspected broken shoulder requires immediate and careful attention to minimize pain, prevent further injury, and ensure proper healing. A broken shoulder, or fracture of the humerus, scapula, or associated joints, can result from trauma such as being hit by a car, falling from a height, or rough play. Here’s a detailed guide on how to handle this situation:

1. Assess the situation and stabilize the dog. If you suspect a broken shoulder, approach the dog calmly to avoid causing additional stress or pain. Speak in a soothing tone and avoid sudden movements. If the dog is in severe pain or agitated, it may bite out of fear, so proceed cautiously. If possible, muzzle the dog using a soft cloth or a commercial muzzle to prevent accidental bites.

2. Limit movement. Restrict the dog’s movement to prevent further damage to the shoulder. If the dog is small, gently pick it up, supporting its entire body, including the injured limb. For larger dogs, encourage them to lie down and stay still. Avoid putting pressure on the injured shoulder.

3. Immobilize the limb if possible. While it’s challenging to fully immobilize a shoulder injury without professional tools, you can use a makeshift splint or sling to stabilize the limb. Wrap the limb gently with a soft cloth or towel to provide some support. Do not attempt to realign the bone or manipulate the injury, as this could worsen the damage.

4. Transport the dog to a veterinarian immediately. A suspected broken shoulder requires urgent veterinary care. Place the dog in a carrier or on a flat surface in your car, ensuring it cannot move around excessively. Drive carefully to avoid jostling the dog.

5. Veterinary diagnosis and treatment. Upon arrival at the vet, the dog will likely undergo a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays, to confirm the fracture and assess its severity. Treatment options depend on the type and location of the fracture. Simple fractures may heal with rest and a splint or cast, while complex fractures may require surgical intervention to realign the bones and secure them with pins, plates, or screws.

6. Pain management. The veterinarian will prescribe pain relief medications to keep the dog comfortable during recovery. Follow the dosage instructions carefully and monitor the dog for any side effects.

7. Post-treatment care. After initial treatment, the dog will need strict rest and limited activity for several weeks. Confine the dog to a small, quiet area to prevent jumping, running, or climbing. Use a harness instead of a collar for walks to avoid putting pressure on the shoulder. Follow the vet’s instructions for physical therapy or rehabilitation exercises, if recommended, to restore mobility and strength.

8. Monitor for complications. Watch for signs of infection, such as swelling, redness, or discharge at the injury site, or systemic symptoms like fever or lethargy. Contact your vet immediately if you notice any concerning changes.

9. Long-term prevention. To reduce the risk of future injuries, supervise your dog during play, especially around stairs, furniture, or other potential hazards. Provide a safe environment and avoid situations where the dog could fall or be hit by a vehicle.

10. When to seek professional help. If you suspect a broken shoulder, do not delay in seeking veterinary care. Even if the injury seems minor, fractures can lead to complications like nerve damage, joint instability, or chronic pain if left untreated. Always consult a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.

In summary, handling a dog with a suspected broken shoulder involves stabilizing the injury, minimizing movement, and seeking immediate veterinary care. Proper diagnosis, treatment, and post-care are essential for a successful recovery. By following these steps and working closely with your veterinarian, you can help your dog heal and return to a normal, active life.