How do you handle a dog with a suspected broken sternum?

Handling a dog with a suspected broken sternum requires immediate and careful attention, as the sternum (breastbone) is a critical part of the chest that protects vital organs like the heart and lungs. A broken sternum can result from trauma, such as being hit by a car, falling from a height, or being struck by a heavy object. Here’s a detailed guide on how to handle this situation:

1. Immediate Response:
If you suspect your dog has a broken sternum, the first step is to remain calm. Dogs can sense your anxiety, which may increase their stress. Approach your dog slowly and gently, avoiding sudden movements. Speak in a soothing tone to keep them as calm as possible.

2. Assessing the Situation:
Look for signs of distress, such as difficulty breathing, whining, or reluctance to move. A broken sternum often causes pain, so your dog may yelp or show signs of discomfort when touched. Check for visible injuries, swelling, or bruising around the chest area. If your dog is struggling to breathe or shows signs of shock (pale gums, rapid heartbeat, weakness), this is an emergency.

3. Minimizing Movement:
To prevent further injury, restrict your dog’s movement as much as possible. Avoid picking them up unless absolutely necessary, as this could worsen the injury. If you must move them, use a flat surface like a board or a blanket to support their entire body. Keep their chest as stable as possible during transport.

4. Transporting to the Vet:
If you suspect a broken sternum, take your dog to a veterinarian or emergency animal hospital immediately. Call ahead to inform them of the situation so they can prepare for your arrival. During transport, keep your dog as still as possible. If they are small enough, place them in a carrier or on a flat surface in the car. For larger dogs, use a stretcher or a blanket to support their body.

5. Veterinary Diagnosis:
At the vet, they will perform a thorough physical examination and likely take X-rays to confirm the diagnosis. The vet may also check for other injuries, such as broken ribs or internal damage to the lungs or heart. In some cases, additional imaging like an ultrasound or CT scan may be necessary.

6. Treatment Options:
Treatment for a broken sternum depends on the severity of the injury. Mild fractures may heal on their own with rest and pain management. Your vet may prescribe painkillers or anti-inflammatory medications to keep your dog comfortable. For more severe fractures, surgery may be required to stabilize the sternum. In some cases, a chest brace or bandage may be used to support the area during healing.

7. Home Care:
If your dog is sent home to recover, follow your vet’s instructions carefully. Limit their activity to prevent further injury. Create a quiet, comfortable space for them to rest. Avoid letting them jump, run, or engage in strenuous activities. Monitor their breathing and behavior closely, and report any changes to your vet.

8. Potential Risks:
A broken sternum can lead to complications such as difficulty breathing, pneumonia, or damage to internal organs. Watch for signs of infection, such as fever, swelling, or discharge from the chest area. If your dog shows any worsening symptoms, contact your vet immediately.

9. Long-Term Care:
Recovery from a broken sternum can take several weeks to months, depending on the severity of the injury. Follow-up visits to the vet are essential to monitor healing progress. Gradually reintroduce activity as recommended by your vet to avoid re-injury.

10. When to Seek Professional Help:
If your dog shows signs of severe pain, difficulty breathing, or any other concerning symptoms, seek veterinary care immediately. Early intervention can prevent complications and improve the chances of a full recovery.

In summary, a suspected broken sternum in a dog is a serious condition that requires prompt veterinary attention. By staying calm, minimizing movement, and following your vet’s advice, you can help your dog recover safely and effectively. Always prioritize your dog’s comfort and well-being, and don’t hesitate to seek professional help if needed.